Three-dimensional Martian ionosphere model: I. The photochemical ionosphere below 180 km

Radio Scintillation by the Martian Turbulent Ionosphere Andatmosphere-simulation Results

Numerical simulations of scintillation measurements within the NetLander Geodesy and Ionosphere Experiment (NEIGE) are presented. The multiple phase screen scintillation model is used, allowing for vertical variations of the background ionosphere (atmosphere) parameters. It is shown that ionospheric scintillation at 400 MHz is weak due to a small electron concentration and ionosphere thickness....

Three-Dimensional FDTD Modeling of Impulsive Electromagnetic Propagation in the Global Earth-Ionosphere Waveguide below 30 kHz

As clock rates continue to rise, problems with signal integrity, cross-coupling,and radiation may render impractical the baseband metallic interconnects presently used in computers. In fact, because clock rates approaching microwave frequencies of 20 GHz areprojected by 2010, attention is being drawn toward alternative technologies that have relativelyfavorable signal transmission c...

The International Reference Ionosphere – Climatological Standard for the Ionosphere

The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) a joint project of URSI and COSPAR is the defacto standard for a climatological specification of ionospheric parameters. IRI is based on a wide range of ground and space data and has been steadily improved since its inception in 1969 with the ever-increasing volume of ionospheric data and with better mathematical descriptions of the observed global a...

The Polar Ionosphere: Editorial

Of the Venus Ionosphere

• A two-dimensional, time-dependent, shock capturing single-sp•ies (O +)hydrodynamic odel of the Venus ionosphere, which solves the coupled continuity, momentum and energy _,•ons for the altitude range of 150 500 km and the solar zenith angle range of 0O 180 ø has been developed and is presented in this paper. It was again demonstrated thathe introduction of topside heat inflows leads to calcul...